a specific family or dances, in a dance tradition, usually folk of similar origin, music or movement rhythm Example: Calamatianos, Tsifteteli, Syrtos El Raheb, Katerina, and Yannis Ioannidis. "From Dance Notation to Conceptual Models: A Multilayer Approach." Proceedings of the 2014 International Workshop on Movement and Computing. ACM, 2014.
an abstract categorization of various dance traditions and styles e.g., Ballet, Folk, Greek Folk, Bulgarian Folk, European Dances, Modern etc. Initially it was described as "Dance" in "El Raheb, K., & Ioannidis, Y. (2012). A labanotation based ontology for representing dance movement. In Gesture and Sign Language in Human-Computer Interaction and Embodied Communication (pp. 106-117). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.", as follows "Dance: refers to the abstract concept of dance categories, and not the choreography. Examples of Dance subclasses are Solo, Group, Round, Folk Dance, Greek Folk, Dance etc. Instances of this class are Waltz, Calamatianos, Zonaradikos etc. In ontology engineering, expressing a concept as a subclass or an individual usually, is not a one solution problem, rather than a decision which relies on the general context of described domain. For example, Zonaradikos could be an individual of the ontology if we expect to have only one type of Zonaradikos, but it should be a class if we consider it a category of Dance which has many versions. The intention of this extendable hierarchy, which can be further associated with other concepts e.g., “Zonaradikos hasOrigin Thrace and Thrace isPartOf Greece”, is rather indicative and serves to organize general dance knowledge, but it does not reflect a specific study on styles, genres, and dance classification."
In El Raheb, K., & Ioannidis, Y. (2012). A labanotation based ontology for representing dance movement. In Gesture and Sign Language in Human-Computer Interaction and Embodied Communication (pp. 106-117). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.", as follows "Movement: the subclasses of this class and their associated properties form the core schema for the dance movement analysis. Subclasses of Movement: 1) can either have a one- to-one relationship to Labanotation symbols e.g. Contraction, Extention, Step, Support, Gesture, Relationship, Turn and specialization of them, e.g., Bend, Arm Gesture, Limb Rotation, Forward Step, or 2) more complex Actions and Positions e.g., Double Step, Feet Parallel, Jump, Stamp that are expressed by a combination of symbols. In the knowledge base, the individuals of Movement class, the movement in-stances, represent the building blocks of the “scored” choreographies. These building blocks usually can be subclasses of more than one class movement, e.g., “AG1 isa ArmGesture and isa LimbRotation”. "
This class includes the space and dynamic parameters e.g., Direction, Size, Accent, Effort etc. that are needed to characterize the Movements instances using object properties e.g., “S1 hasDirection Forward”.
Refers to any human or inanimate object that may occur on a (real or imaginary) dance stage and has as subclasses the Performers and their Body Parts, Groups of Performers, Costumes, Stage Parts, Stage Areas, e.g., Floor , Stage Points, and Corners e.g., FLCorner.
This class and its subclasses represent the kinetograph and the staffs that are used in Labanotation to score a specific dance- movement analysis. A Dance instance e.g., Calamatianos has one or more instances of Score and each Score has one or more Staff. Each Staff contains Phrases, Measures, Temporal Entities, Start Positions and finally movements. Each Measure individual has proper-ties such as Meter e.g., 3/4, Tempo and Unit
The direction forward is determined by where the performer is facing (his/her personal front) up and down remain constant.
"Twisting refers to a turning action in which a greater degree occurs at the extremity with little or none at the base" A.H.Guest p.240 Usually arm or spine.
see Drummond's paper "Putting OWL in Order: Patterns for Sequences in OWL"
Considering the possible combinations of Levels (3), Directions (8) = 24 and Feet (2) performing the step we have 48 combinations of simple steps. The options are to have a general step and express the difference by properties or to have if not 48 , 24 or 8 steps as Subclasses of Steps.
UniqueBodyParts DoubleBodyParts do they have to be disjoint classes??? For example a LeftFoot is LeftLeg but is also Feet, hips (two hips and pelvis is the same)
We devide the description of Movements that occur within the measure into two categories. Temporal (Movement==Actions) and NonTemporal (Positions==State) The first describe the movement itsself for example (Step,Jump, Turn, Rise, Drop etc) whereas the Position describe the shape in which the body parts are in respect to relationship, bending, streched. For example an arm can do the action of rise, but in different shapes (bend, curved, streched, etc) this has nothing to do with time, its all about shape and relationships about differnet body parts. For example a Roll of the spine is an action with specific interval , its a movement whereas a curve in the torso is a position. Do we need for each specific action the equivalent state? How can we express this without the dublication?
A floor patern is the design made by a dancer or several dancers traveling across and/or around the stage area.
There are four possible ways to describe the amount of rotation or twist of a part of the body p.243
"Rotating refers to turning a part of the body as a unit, i.e. each part turns the same amount" A.H.Guest p.240
This relationship of the hands remains during the whole staff, but we also consider it a content of each unique CT (Calamations Temporal Entity). The problem is how to express the difference between actions that begin in each CT and ends within them, continius movement that are happen during the time e.g. a slow arm gesture that takes two CTs and positions that last for e.g 2 CT
This is a transitive property. A score contains staff, and staff contains measures. If a Staff has Measure1 as Content, and Score has Staff1 as content then Score contains Measure1. see Drummond's paper "Putting OWL in Order: Patterns for Sequences in OWL"
"Turning is a general term for rotatary actions, covering both rotating in one piece and twisting" A.H.Guest p.240 Few parts of the body are capable of both actions p.241.The choice of description will depend on whether emphasis should be on the deplacement of the object or the action in the base. In case of the head the description is usually of the head rotating rather than of the neck twisting.
Body belongsTo (one and only one) Person
"The parts of the arm have specific symbols for right and left sides. Originally the parts of the leg did not, right or left were known from placemnt on the staff" AHG p.197 In this work we need to differenciate the right and left as we are not representing the placement on staff but the interpretation of this (Conceptual Approach). Additionally with this model we can refer to left foot, right foot or both. Labanotation also provides signs for the whole leg, whole arm , or part of it, our ontology represents this knowledge.
referes to anything that would be written on the Support column, it is about
a Movement is PerfomedBy a Body or a BodyPart
In Labanotation, the signs of Body Parts are referred to the individual joints of Body and Limbs. These are placed to show the movement of specific parts. It is important to note the difference in the meaning of these symbols depending on the movement itself. The type of the movement implies a more specific part of the Body Part. For example directional movenent indication of the arm, means that the arm is moving in space whereas when it comes to bending or flextion the indication sign referres to a specific joint e.g. elbow joint. For more details look at the table in p. 199 AHG, which shows signs of the parts of the limbs and the part referred to when combined with a contact bow, the part involved when preceding a direction symbol,etc. The spatial actions can be described in two ways: 1) spatial change, that is movement of the part of the limb to a new dirrection 2) anatomical change, the degree of flexion or extension in the joint
Hips = Double Body Part? Pelvis=Unique Body Part? We need to disjoint these classes but also we need to make able to infer that pelvis and hips are the same thing
a BodyPart or a Performer isPerforming (doing) a Movement maybe this suits better for the Role